Liquid hydrocarbon burner



Patented Oct. 3, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFlcs 4 Claims.

This invention relates to liquid hydro-carbon burners thatare especially adapted for use in ranges, ovens, heaters, etc., and the object of the invention is to provide an improved construction IV of such a burner which improves the operation and eliminates the danger heretofore present by the improper operation of such a burner by those not familiar therewith.

These and other objects of this invention will be fully illustrated in the drawing, described in the specification and pointed out in the claims at the end thereof.

In the accompanying drawing:

Figure 1 is a horizontal sectional view of a conventional gas range in which the improved burner is used for both the open burners as well as the oven burners.

Figure 2 is a partial elevation and section of one of the driers of the burner.'

Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the outer end of one of the driers illustrated in Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a partial top plan view and horifzontal section of one of the open burners.

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view of the burner illustrated in Figure 4, the section being taken on the line 5x, 5a: of Figure 4.

In the several figures of the drawingv like reference numerals indicate like parts.

The construction of the liquid hydro-carbon burner forming the subject matter of my present invention improves the operation of such a burner and makes its use foolproof. This improve- `ment is due to the fact that the liquid hydrocarbon cannot accidentally be confined in a small closed expansion chamber while being pre-heated. Thisk eliminates the danger of having the expansion chamber burst on the expansion of the liquid hydrocarbon. should the expansion chamber be preheated without allowing the resulting gas to escape thru the burner `or into some chamber in which the rise in pressure due to the expansion of the liquid hydrocarbon can do no harm.

As illustrated in the figures of the drawing,

the driers and burners may be used in the pres` ent day type of gas ranges and this is also true of other heaters that are made and sold for use with manufactured gas. The range 1 illustrated in Figure 1 has four exposed burners 2, 3', 4 and 5 and the oven burner 6A. These burners are suitably located and supported in the range in order to make their use as convenient as possible. Each of the exposed burners consists of a hollow aluminum casting shaped in the form of a Maltese cross. In the top and one or more sides of this casting are the jet openings 6, 6 thru which the gas escapes to burn and provide the heater llames. One side of the cross shaped burner is provided with the large opening 7 into which 60 extends the end of the goose neck shaped mixing chamber 7A. The end of the goose neck mixing chamber has a sliding t with the burner casing so that the mixing chamber may be adjusted in and out of the burner casing to properly locate the burners in the frame of the range. The hydrocarbon fuel enters the goose neck shaped mixing chamber thru the end of the drier 8. This drier consists of a tube, the inner end of which is threaded into the coupling head 9 while 70 the outer end of the tube has the valve head l0 threaded into it. The valve head is provided with suitable passage ways and valves by means of which the flow of the gas from the drier is regulated. The outer end -of the valve head has threaded into it the nipple 12 in which the discharge orifice 13 is provided. A tapered needle v 14 is adapted to move in and out of the orifice 13 to increase or decrease thev amount of hydrocarbon passing from the drier into the mixing chamber. The tapered needle is carried on the end of the valve stem 15 by which its movement is controlled. The valve stem 15 is also provided with a conical valve seat 16 which is adapted to seat or unseat itself on the fixed seat 17 provided in the valve head 10. The valve seat 17 is located intermediate of the passageway 18 passing thru the valve head. The inner end of the passage way is threaded to receive the threaded portion of the valve stem 15 and the valve stem 15 can thus be 90 threaded in and out of the inner end of the ductof the valve head and either bring the two valve seats together to close the passage way-and prevent the hydrocarbon from passing into the mixing chamber, or work the valve seats apart to allow the hydrocarbon to 110Wv into the mixing chamber. The hydrocarbon enters the .valve head thru the by-pass duct 19 so that the gases can enter the passage Way 1 8 ahead of the valve formed by the valve seats 16 and 17.A The valve stem 15 is reduced in diameter so that it will not ll the passage Way 18 but provide space around it that permits the hydrocarbon to pass from the bypass duct past the valve formed by the seats 16 and 17 into the restricted part of the duct 18 and from there into a small chamber 2'0 formed between the small orifice 13 provided in the nipple 12 and the restricted passage provided by the outer end 'of the passage way 18.

The valve stem 15 also passes thru the connectno ing head 9, a suitable stumngbox and bushing being provided to keep the hydrocarbon from leaking past the valve stem. A shoulder 21 is provided on the valve stem on the inside of the connecting head which forms a stop for the movement of the valve stem in one direction and prevents the valve stem from being completely threaded out of the drier. The valve stem is provided with a handle 22 by means of which it is rotated. From the drier the hydrocarbon fuel passes into the mix-1 ing chamber and from there into the hollow burner where it escapes thru jet openings to be ignited on the outside to produce the desired heating flame or flames.

As illustrated in Figure 5 the side of the burner facing the drier is the one provided with jet openings so that on the lighting of the burner the flames from the jet openings in the side of the burner play against the outside of the drier and preheat the liquid hydro-carbon fuel contained in the drier. Because of the fact that the liquid hydro-carbon used in this burner has an initial boiling point of approximately 45 degrees or lower, a heating of the liquid hydro-carbon in the drier by a small flame issuing from the side of the burner will quickly change the liquid hydrocarbon into a gaseous state that will pass from the drier to the burner. The oven burner 6A is supplied with gas from a similar drier but instead of having a mixing chamber in the form of a goose neck the mixing chamber 23 of the oven burner com prises a chamber in which a partition that extends to within a short distance of the end divides this chamber4 into two elongated passage ways joined by a reverse bend at one end. The gases are mixed with air in this elongated mixing chamber by the admission of air thru the air intake 24.

As illustrated in Figure 1 the liquid hydrocarbon fed to the oven burner 6A is first preheated by the burner 5 which is provided with jet openings on the side facing the supply tube 25 thru which the liquid hydrocarbon is fed to the drier of the oven burner. In this way the liquid hydrocarbon is preheated by the burned 5 even before it enters the drier which helps in starting the oven burner.

The driers of each of the burners are so constructed that when the liquid hydrocarbon is preheated the resulting gases can quickly escape into the mixing chamber of the burner when the valve in the valve head is open, but should'this valve be closed the expansion of the liquid hydrocarbon in the drier Will simply force the liquid hydrocarbon fed to the drier, back into the storage tank and as this tank is large and of a much lower temperature, some of the heated gases will condense and the resulting increase in the pressure of the storage tank will therefore be negligible no matter how much the liquid hydrocarbon is heated in the drier.

Jet openings 6 are so arranged in one or more of the sides of each one of the burners so that the drierof the particular burner, as well as the connection leading to other burners are simultaneously heated by the burner. In this way the liquid hydrocarbon fed to the burners is pre-heated before it reaches the drier after one of the burners has been lighted.

The long duct 23 islprovided with burnery holes 30 through which gas is adapted to pass so that it can burn on the outside and warm the mixing chamber land drier. These burner holes are placed on the under side of the outlet from the long duct into the main burner so as to have the best possible heat effect thereon.

I claim:

1. In a liquid hydrocarbon burner, 4the combination of a drierhaving a tubular body, a valve head having a passage way leading therethru at the outer end. of said tubular body, a coupling head at the inner end of said tubular body, a valve stem located within said tubular body and supported in said coupling head near one end thereof and threaded into one end of said passage way of said valve head near the other end thereof, a valve seat intermediate of said passage way, a valve on said valve stem and adapted to be seated and unseated on said valve seat in said passage Way, a duct leading into said passage way at a point ahead of said valve seat to admit the hydrocarbon from said tubular body into said passage way, a nipple having an orifice and an enlarger chamber therein forming a continuation of said passage way thru said valve head, threaded into said valve head, and a tapered needle carried on the outer end of said valve stem adapted to move in said orice on the opening and closing of the valve formedl by said valve seats said enlarged chamber acting as a condenser which breaks up the surges of the flow of the mixture causing it to flow uniformly through the orifice.

2. In a liquid hydrocarbon burner, the combination of a drier having a tubular body, a valve head having a passage Way leading therethru at the outer end of said tubular body, a coupling head at the inner end of said tubular body, a valve stem located within said tubular body and supported in said coupling head near one end thereof and threaded into one end of said passage way of said valve head near the other end thereof, a valve seat intermediate of said passage Way, a valve on said valve stem and adapted to be seated and unseated on said valve seat in said passage way, a duct leading into said passage way at a point ahead of said valve'seat to admit the hydrocarbon from said tubular body into said passage way, a nipple having an orifice and an enlarged chamber therein forming a continuation of said passage way thru said valve head threaded into said valve head, an enlarged chamber formed between said orifice in said nipple and the outer end of said passage way of said valve head, and a tapered needle carried on the outer end of said valve stem adapted to move in said orifice on the opening and closing of the valve formed by said valve seats said enlarged chamber acting as a condenser which breaks up the surges of the flow of the mixture causing it tovfiow uniformly through the orifice.

3. In a liquid hydrocarbon burner, the combination of a drier having a tubular body, a valve head having a passage Way leading therethru at the outer end of said tubular body, a coupling head at the inner end of said tubular body, said tubular body having an unrestricted inlet provided in said coupling head, a valve stem located within said tubular body and supported in said coupling head near one end thereof and threaded into one end of said passage way of said valve head near the other end thereof, a valve seat intermediate of said passageway, a valve on said valve stem and adapted to be seated and unseated on said valve seat in said passage way, a duct leading into said passage way at a point ahead of said valve seat to admit the hydrocarbon from said tubular body into said passage way, a nipple having an orifice and an enlarged chamber therein forming a continuation of said passage way thru nationofsdriensmixingchamberattheend ot said drier, s hollow burner at the end of said mixing chamber, said mixing chamber being i.|shape.mndbeingadaptedtobeswungonthe axis of the drier with the burner to either the right or the lett of the drier or positioned with the burner above the drier and being adJustabl'e intosndoutoithemixinzchsmber.

DONALD G. KELLEY. 

